Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
March 2023 1
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
Notes
1. The table is based on the phonetic values of Classical and East Armenian. The variant phonetic values of West Armenian are included in brackets but are intended solely for use in preparing references from West Armenian forms of name when this may be desirable.
2. This value is used only when the letter is in initial position of a name and followed by a vowel, in Classical orthography.
3. The soft sign (prime) is placed between the two letters representing different sounds when the combination might otherwise be read as a digraph (e.g., պատսպարան patʹsparan, կրտսեր krtʹser, Դզնունի Dʹznuni, մոտս motʹs, տստակ tʹstak, կհալ kʹhal, սիկհ sikʹh, Գհուկ gʹhuk, ՍՍՀ SSʹH, սհաթ sʹhatʻ).
These specific Armenian letter combinations require placement of the soft sign (prime) in the Latin Romanization.
Vernacular | Romanization | Vernacular | Romanization |
Upper Case | Lower Case | ||
Letters | Letters | ||
Գհ | Gʹh | գհ | gʹh |
Դզ | Dʹz | դզ | dʹz |
Կհ | Kʹh | կհ | kʹh |
Սհ | Sʹh | սհ | sʹh |
Տս | Tʹs | տս | tʹs |
March 2023 2
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
4. This value is used only when the letter is in initial position of a word or of a stem in a compound, in Classical orthography.
5. Romanization for letters in Classical orthography, sometimes appears as և.
6. The soft sign (prime) is placed between the sounds “e” and “v” when the word in Armenian is an exception with “եվ” appearing in the lower case (e.g. դպրեվանք dpreʹvankʻ, ագեվազ ageʹvaz, Քարեվանք Kʻareʹvankʻ, հոգեվարք hogeʹvarkʻ, հոգեվիճակ hogeʹvichak, ոսկեվազ oskeʹvaz, ոսկեվարս osokeʹvars, ուղեվճար ugheʹvchar, գերեվարել gereʹvarel, գինեվաճառ gineʹvachaṛ, գինեվարպետ gineʹvarpet, դափնեվարդ dapʻneʹvard, կարեվեր kareʹver). Whenever converting the upper case into lower case, ԵՎ should always be transliterated as “ev” without the soft sign (e.g. Երևան Erevan ; ԵՐԵՎԱՆ Erevan). When written at the beginning of the word “եվ” is always eʹv, except two words ևեթ evetʻ and ևս evs.”
March 2023 3
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
Armenian diacritics
1. ʻ (Ayn)
Tʻ | Թ | tʻ | թ |
Chʻ | Չ | chʻ | չ |
Tsʻ | Ց | tsʻ | ց |
Pʻ | Փ | pʻ | փ |
Kʻ | Ք | kʻ | ք |
2. Dot below letter
Ṛ | Ռ | ṛ | ռ |
Ḥ | Յ | ḥ | յ |
3. ̌ (Hacek)
Ě | Ը | ě | ը |
4. ̄ (Macron)
Ē | Է | ē | է |
5. ʹ (Prime)
See Notes 3, 6.
March 2023 4
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
Armenian Punctuation
These are the most common marks of punctuation in Armenian.
1. Always transcribe Armenian script angle brackets («… ») [chʻakert] used in the manner of quotation marks (“...”) as quotation marks in both the Armenian and Latin transcriptions. For example,
Armenian script on the piece in hand:
«Սարդարապատի պատմաշինությունը» և այլ երկեր
Transcribe Armenian as:
“Սարդարապատի պատմաշինությունը” և այլ երկեր
Romanize as:
“Sardarapati patmashinutʻyuně” ev ayl erker
2. Transcribe the Armenian script question mark ( ՞ ) [hartsʻakan nshan] as a question mark (?) at the end of the sentence in the Latin transcription. The Armenian question mark may be applied to the last vowel of a syllable of a word (usually a verb). For example,
Armenian script on the piece in hand and in the Armenian transcription:
Դու կարդացե՞լ ես այս գիրքը
Romanize as:
Du kardatsʻel es ays girkʻě?
3. Transcribe the Armenian script exclamation mark ( ՜ ) [batsʻakanchʻakan nshan] as an exclamation mark (!) in the Latin transcription. The Armenian script exclamation mark may appear over any word in a sentence. In the Latin transcription the exclamation mark is placed at the end of the sentence. For example,
Armenian script on the piece in hand and in the Armenian transcription:
Այս ու՜մ եմ տեսնում
Romanize as:
Ays um em tesnum!
March 2023 5
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
4. Do not transcribe the Armenian punctuation mark ( ՛ ) [shesht] in the Latin transcription. This mark is used to emphasize or stress the meaning of the word, phrase, or give a command, etc. For example,
Armenian script on the piece in hand and in the Armenian transcription:
Կարդա՛, գրի՛ր տարին բոլոր
Romanize as:
Karda, grir tarin bolor
5. Always transcribe the Armenian script punctuation mark ( : ) [verjaket], as a period (.) at the end of a sentence in the Latin transcription. For example,
Armenian script on the piece in hand:
Բարձրանում է աշխարհ ﬕ անեզր, որ քոնն է անշուշտ և իմը:
Transcribe Armenian as:
Բարձրանում է աշխարհ ﬕ անեզր, որ քոնն է անշուշտ և իմը.
Romanize as:
Bardzranum ē ashkharh mi anezr, or kʻonn ē anshusht ev imě.
March 2023 6
Armenian
2023 version (with minor font correction to the 2022 version)
Armenian Numerals
Character | Value | Character | Value |
Ա. | 1 | Ղ․ | 90 |
Բ․ | 2 | Ճ․ | 100 |
Գ․ | 3 | Մ․ | 200 |
Դ․ | 4 | Յ․ | 300 |
Ե․ | 5 | Ն․ | 400 |
Զ․ | 6 | Շ․ | 500 |
Է․ | 7 | Ո․ | 600 |
Ը․ | 8 | Չ․ | 700 |
Թ․ | 9 | Պ․ | 800 |
Ժ․ | 10 | Ջ․ | 900 |
ԺԱ․ | 11 | Ռ․ | 1000 |
ԺԲ․ | 12 | Ս․ | 2000 |
... | ... | Վ․ | 3000 |
Ի․ | 20 | Տ․ | 4000 |
ԻԱ․ | 21 | Ր․ | 5000 |
ԻԲ․ | 22 | Ց․ | 6000 |
Լ․ | 30 | Ւ․ | 7000 |
ԼԱ․ | 31 | Փ․ | 8000 |
ԼԲ․ | 32 | Ք․ | 9000 |
... | ... | ||
Խ․ | 40 | ||
Ծ․ | 50 | ||
Կ․ | 60 | ||
Հ․ | 70 | ||
Ձ․ | 80 |
March 2023 7
Comments